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Transforming a 3-D LiDAR Point Cloud Into a 2-D Dense Depth Map Through a Parameter Self-Adaptive Framework

作者:Chen, L (Chen, Long)^{[ 1 ]} ; He, YH (He, Yuhang)^{[ 2,3 ]} ; Chen, JD (Chen, Jianda)^{[ 1 ]} ; Li, QQ (Li, Qingquan)^{[ 4 ]} ; Zou, Q (Zou, Qin)^{[ 5 ]}

IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INTELLIGENT TRANSPORTATION SYSTEMS

DOI: 10.1109/TITS.2016.2564640

出版年: JAN 2017

摘要

The 3-D LiDAR scanner and the 2-D chargecoupled device (CCD) camera are two typical types of sensors for surrounding-environment perceiving in robotics or autonomous driving. Commonly, they are jointly used to improve perception accuracy by simultaneously recording the distances of surrounding objects, as well as the color and shape information. In this paper, we use the correspondence between a 3-D LiDAR scanner and a CCD camera to rearrange the captured LiDAR point cloud into a dense depth map, in which each 3-D point corresponds to a pixel at the same location in the RGB image. In this paper, we assume that the LiDAR scanner and the CCD camera are accurately calibrated and synchronized beforehand so that each 3-D LiDAR point cloud is aligned with its corresponding RGB image. Each frame of the LiDAR point cloud is then projected onto the RGB image plane to form a sparse depth map. Then, a self-adaptive method is proposed to upsample the sparse depth map into a dense depth map, in which the RGB image and the anisotropic diffusion tensor are exploited to guide upsampling by reinforcing the RGB-depth compactness. Finally, convex optimization is applied on the dense depth map for global enhancement. Experiments on the KITTI and Middlebury data sets demonstrate that the proposed method outperforms several other relevant state-of-the-art methods in terms of visual comparison and root-mean- square error measurement.

作者关键词:Intelligent vehicle; dense depth map; 3D-2D conversion; upsampling; global enhancement

KeyWords Plus:IMAGE

通讯作者地址: He, YH (通讯作者)

通讯作者地址: He, YH (通讯作者)

地址:

电子邮件地址:[email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected]

基金资助机构授权号

IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC, 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA

研究方向:Engineering; Transportation

Web of Science 类别:Engineering, Civil; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Transportation Science & Technology

文献类型:Article

语种:English

入藏号: WOS:000396139200014

ISSN: 1524-9050

eISSN: 1558-0016

Impact Factor (影响因子): 2.534